Designing Effective Ventilation Systems for Multi-Purpose Basement Shelters

Authors:  Rasha Alkabbanie¹ & Siba Kady² & Haval Sami^3
1Mechatronics Engineering Department, Faculty of Engineering, Ishik University, Erbil, Iraq
^2&3 Interior Designing Engineering Department, Faculty of Engineering, Ishik University, Erbil, Iraq

Abstract:  In the Middle East, the basements were constructed to effectively use the underground space for storing food or extra stuff, for car parks, and other household uses. Also, since many countries of the Middle East suffered from wars for decades, basements also have been utilized as shelters. Since basement shelters may be occupied for days continuously during the war attacks, they should have proper ventilation systems to control both the moisture and the indoor air quality. This research introduces suggested ventilation systems designs for the multi-purpose basement shelters during three different scenarios which are: 1-in the regular days when no risk is found, 2-when the building is exposed to blast attacks, and 3-when the building is exposed to chemical attacks. Finally, this paper also shows the need of proper ventilation systems that can be installed in an effective way to prevent the health risks of the occupants and the structural damage of the building caused by poor ventilation.

Keywords: Ventilation, Basement, Shelters, Blast Attacks, Chemical Attacks, Moisture, Air Quality
Download the PDF Document from here.

doi: 10.23918/eajse.v4i4p39

References

Awbi, H. B. (2004). Ventilation of buildings. Routledge.

Baran, M., Yıldırım, M., & Yılmaz, A. (2011). Evaluation of ecological design strategies in traditional houses in Diyarbakir, Turkey. Journal of Cleaner Production, 19(6), 609-619

Binggeli, C. (2003). Building systems for interior designers. John Wiley & Sons.

Blom, E. T., Zevenbergen, C., Gersonius, B., & Van Son, E. (2012). Smart shelter strategies; Cost-effective flood preparedness. Klijn and Schweckendiek, Comprehensive flood risk management research for policy and practice.

FEMA (2006). Safe rooms and shelters: Protecting people against terrorist attacks, FEMA 453, pp.i-iv

Groseclose, S. L., Gray, E. K., Gunter, E. W., Johnson, A. B., Wilson, A. L., Ashford, D. A., … & Spiegel, R. A. (2000). Biological and chemical terrorism: strategic plan for preparedness and response. Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report, 49(RR-4), 1-14.

Hewett, M. (2010). Using ASHRAE’s new IAQ guide. ASHRAE Journal, 52(5), 75.

Leydecker, S. (Ed.). (2013). Designing interior architecture: Concept, typology, material, construction. Walter de Gruyter.

Monteyne, D. (2011). Fallout shelter: Designing for civil defense in the cold war. University of Minnesota Press.

Poschl, R. A. (2017). Modelling the thermal comfort performance of tents used in humanitarian relief (Unpublished Doctoral dissertation, © Ruth Pöschl).

Russell, M., Sherman, M., & Rudd, A. (2007). Review of residential ventilation technologies. Hvac & Research, 13(2), 325-348.

Sözen, M. Ş., & Gedík, G. Z. (2007). Evaluation of traditional architecture in terms of building physics: old Diyarbakir houses. Building and Environment, 42(4), 1810-1816.

Standard, A. S. H. R. A. E. (1989). Standard 62-1999, ventilation for acceptable indoor Air quality. Atlanta: American Society of Heating, Refrigerating, and Air-Conditioning Engineers.

Summers, R. L., & Burson, Z. G. (1966). Experimental evaluation of techniques for improving fallout protection in home basements (No. CEX-65.5). Edgerton, Germeshausen and Grier, Inc., Las Vegas, Nev.